Written and Published in Partnership with All Voting is Local.
Election observers, referred to as “polling place observers” in Nevada, are individuals who monitor polling places and ballot counting sites. While election observers play an important role in providing transparency, they can also be a potential source of disruption and intimidation. For this reason, all states have a series of regulations and constraints regarding who can serve as election observers and what they can do. Nevada’s rules on observers, which derive both from the state’s election statutes and from its administrative code, are:
Appointment
- Any member of the general public may serve as an observer at a polling place without appointment, except for members of the press or anyone who “gathers information for communication to the public.”footnote1_uQ8i7rBGpKvVRQ3aYk08DCUX1EXAyQxKTyvfyP58bA_msfhXvvzvTE61Nev. Rev. Stat. § 293.274(1), (3). See also, generally, Nev. Admin. Code § 293.245.
- Any member of the general public may serve as an observer at a central ballot counting place without appointment.footnote2_gr8mQjWrbcc5VfUzmRcluTi06C4W2eak45voLBymc4_rvXISHFmcIGR2Nev. Rev. Stat. § 293B.353(1).
- In order to observe, a person must sign Form EL704 (for observers at a polling place) or Form EL 711 (for observers at a central ballot counting place), acknowledging that certain conduct is prohibited and could lead to removal.footnote3_PMDvDNnkCgK9dmvo8iyy10ueosnkPX2ktwA4Ru589P8_qFafUHrUwyLl3Nev. Admin. Code §§ 293.245(2); 293.356(2).All observers are required to wear a name tag that shows their full name.footnote4_Ij68-rXeFwWf67K85WdexXaL14EdHs07IPgwMeQXYY_gsRCztTQsQh54Nev. Admin. Code §§ 293.245(7); 293.356(5).
Role of Observers
- The chair of the election board may designate an area at the polling place in which observers must remain while watching the election, provided that the area allows meaningful observation without infringing on the privacy and confidentiality of voters’ ballots.footnote5_iF2x-0N0pdEEEhBkiV1jGyUT-MyLfI7urgFy3v3EgM_w5sMx988aszK5Nev. Admin. Code § 293.245(6).
- Meaningful observation includes observing the identification of voters who appear at the polling place, the distribution of ballots to voters, the movement of voters to and from voting booths, the return of voters’ ballots to election board officials, and the exiting of the polling place by voters.footnote6_61y8KDZ8MmiGy0iuHQez2q-aPp-YEyZ64P-efotgISY_vr3DhU85GwhU6Nev. Admin. Code §§ 293.245(6), (9)(b).
- Observers may watch the closing of the polling place and the handling and counting of ballots as long as they do not interfere with the process.footnote7_sB3Wcs352IYsDzeyqYPYAdSfZmMRS9wPEFhxvvgBTjk_xTmkB82ndBxx7Nev. Admin. Code § 293.245(5); Nev. Rev. Stat. §§ 293B.330(4), 293C.630(4).
- Observers may watch the processing and counting of ballots at the central counting place as long as they do not interfere with the process.footnote8_TVs91BCQm4Y0MD3oRx-aBXf4-gS166mxYKMxqATbDIs_mLbWIeivSTIh8Nev. Rev. Stat. § 293B.353(1).
- The county or city clerk may designate an area at the central ballot counting place in which observers should remain while watching the election, provided that the area allows meaningful observation without infringing on the privacy and confidentiality of voters’ ballots.footnote9_u9dy7doCive1EVPw0V12GtoCVipjZLlSImrcrEqw6Q_bHgv4kFJzgTq9Nev. Admin. Code § 293.356(4).
Prohibited Activities
- Intimidation: It is a felony under Nevada state law for anyone, including observers, to intimidate a voter or an election official in connection with an election, including by threat of coercion, violence, undue influence, blackmail, or other means.footnote10_pUd—Dzw1MUU7To-rl1I2bzNABmSTsHHXfYvBAirjI_iakFCobYOWaE10Nev. Rev. Stat. §§ 293.705, 293.710.
- Interference: Observers are prohibited from interfering with the conduct of voting,footnote11_UYU48cdqnKH3C-13UCXmbvX2k6hmizGB8M5lwuKmrI_mlXXm3yrM5Hp11Nev. Admin. Code § 293.245(2)(a)(5).ballot processing and counting,footnote12_mAEwlkHjntgXrcvJ3Ed9gUicEL-k1dVT2gNfFkFe-K4_k0d2SUlIlvJ812Nev. Rev. Stat. §§ 293B.353(1), 293B.354, 293B.380(2)(a); Nev. Admin. Code § 293.356(2)(a)(5).the postelection certification audit,footnote13_hiRkRHnOGKNNhczTH3K8eIassSj1NE8u1V4oWcUTo_qKnTUvzhdCgp13Nev. Admin. Code § 293.255(6).and the statutory duties of county or city election personnel.footnote14_ouy5I912fHaBqrUe5l48k5hMt7MFB6PL6PAKyxPNCSk_uyypCk9KsxDd14Nev. Admin. Code § 293.356(2)(a)(4).
- Photography and Video: Observers are not permitted to photograph or record video or sound at a polling place.footnote15_HoTTbIyVqLr6kOL2cjMVLtBj52PN9-b3Waml0Trexvs_uYqNwz12nYqb15Nev. Rev. Stat. § 293.274(2).
- Electioneering: Observers may not advocate for or against any political party, candidate, or ballot question. This ban includes speaking, displaying information, disseminating written material, or wearing identifying clothing, buttons, or other paraphernalia.footnote16_uTBUhO5peTZ6AFc9rDtButthOgtnDVOx6pih-QN68_ekq35XKjYIIo16Nev. Admin. Code §§ 293.245(9)(a), (2)(a)(3), 293.356(2)(a)(3), (7). See also Nev. Rev. Stat. § 293.740.
- Voter Interaction: Observers are prohibited from talking to voters within a polling place.footnote17_UmS3SWvnas7WxkCkkx5n07yxNozwRHOOQIHfpPPtl4_v2c4t0FBfYUf17Nev. Admin. Code § 293.245(2)(a)(1).
- Election Worker Interaction at Ballot Counting Places: Observers are prohibited from talking to workers within the central counting place other than the county or city clerk or someone designated by them to answer questions.footnote18_vj4LHzDH6hQtzQMenNKFHpJlW24qZqw0FL1unG6wQA_tnjnpIVn9SxT18Nev. Admin. Code § 293.356(2)(a)(1).
- Viewing Voter Information: Meaningful observation does not include viewing a voter’s personal information, ballot, or selections on a voting machine.footnote19_iVujHYUHRVoL5Qe2giJr9xkrATUUIGA2EQ52W83mRCE_o0aEYIpNb7rv19Nev. Admin. Code § 293.245(9)(b)(1).
- Listening to Conversations: Meaningful observation does not include listening to conversations between election board officers or between those officers and voters.footnote20_ZtzwH59cLS4VLWcnyAJHpLqAekARdsifSVeUqFFB8Aw_lG4W8e4f1Be720Nev. Admin. Code § 293.245(9)(b)(2).
- Device Use: Observers may not use a cell phone or a computer within a polling place or central ballot counting place.footnote21_IKsOmkGJNL81E6XHibsbe0FEKKA12uhB5InBsyDcD1c_gN19HQ6HTrC721Nev. Admin. Code §§ 293.245(2)(a)(2), 293.356(2)(a)(2).
- Arguing Decisions: Observers are forbidden from arguing about or challenging any decisions of election personnel at a polling place.footnote22_RxHzVMOPaZVDqN23V3wNmXRMG4cehOc46Ic9BZDNMmM_eFTkcWKYE79e22Nev. Admin. Code § 293.245(2)(a)(4).
Federal and state law strictly prohibit all people, including observers, from engaging in voter intimidation. Any action that makes a voter feel intimidated, threatened, or coerced (including any effort to prevent a voter from registering to vote, voting, or voting for or against any candidate or ballot measure) could constitute voter intimidation, regardless of whether it breaks a specific rule.footnote23_cZpayQC5WK6ylmVtvi8C4p5IrzsZeEebO06Lq7y1LMI_pItZcOqaPHXX2318 U.S.C. §§ 241, 594; 52 U.S.C. § 10101(b).More information on the federal and state laws that protect Nevada voters from intimidation can be found here.
Removal
- Under Nevada law, city and county clerks have discretion to remove from a polling place or central ballot counting place any observer who violates Nevada’s election statutes or engages in any conduct forbidden under Nevada’s administrative code.footnote24_KImx6F5VXSftlNKxMaXU5I3Q8KzI1E5FOGf1P2BGA_pmlOEIf68tox24Nev. Admin. Code §§ 293.245(3)(b), 293.356(2)(b).
- City and county clerks may also remove law-abiding observers to limit the number of people at polling places and central ballot counting places, to maintain public safety, voter privacy, or general order.footnote25_kF3ShV2WqRkzImbaa0XitaY6BrShJPHh2Y-xw8FdvMc_s5JcsMq5BEa725Nev. Admin. Code §§ 293.245(3)(a), 293.356(3)(a).
End Notes
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footnote1_uQ8i7rBGpKvVRQ3aYk08DCUX1EXAyQxKTyvfyP58bA_msfhXvvzvTE6
1
Nev. Rev. Stat. § 293.274(1), (3). See also, generally, Nev. Admin. Code § 293.245.
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footnote2_gr8mQjWrbcc5VfUzmRcluTi06C4W2eak45voLBymc4_rvXISHFmcIGR
2
Nev. Rev. Stat. § 293B.353(1).
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footnote3_PMDvDNnkCgK9dmvo8iyy10ueosnkPX2ktwA4Ru589P8_qFafUHrUwyLl
3
Nev. Admin. Code §§ 293.245(2); 293.356(2).
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footnote4_Ij68-rXeFwWf67K85WdexXaL14EdHs07IPgwMeQXYY_gsRCztTQsQh5
4
Nev. Admin. Code §§ 293.245(7); 293.356(5).
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footnote5_iF2x-0N0pdEEEhBkiV1jGyUT-MyLfI7urgFy3v3EgM_w5sMx988aszK
5
Nev. Admin. Code § 293.245(6).
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footnote6_61y8KDZ8MmiGy0iuHQez2q-aPp-YEyZ64P-efotgISY_vr3DhU85GwhU
6
Nev. Admin. Code §§ 293.245(6), (9)(b).
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footnote7_sB3Wcs352IYsDzeyqYPYAdSfZmMRS9wPEFhxvvgBTjk_xTmkB82ndBxx
7
Nev. Admin. Code § 293.245(5); Nev. Rev. Stat. §§ 293B.330(4), 293C.630(4).
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footnote8_TVs91BCQm4Y0MD3oRx-aBXf4-gS166mxYKMxqATbDIs_mLbWIeivSTIh
8
Nev. Rev. Stat. § 293B.353(1).
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footnote9_u9dy7doCive1EVPw0V12GtoCVipjZLlSImrcrEqw6Q_bHgv4kFJzgTq
9
Nev. Admin. Code § 293.356(4).
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footnote10_pUd—Dzw1MUU7To-rl1I2bzNABmSTsHHXfYvBAirjI_iakFCobYOWaE
10
Nev. Rev. Stat. §§ 293.705, 293.710.
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footnote11_UYU48cdqnKH3C-13UCXmbvX2k6hmizGB8M5lwuKmrI_mlXXm3yrM5Hp
11
Nev. Admin. Code § 293.245(2)(a)(5).
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footnote12_mAEwlkHjntgXrcvJ3Ed9gUicEL-k1dVT2gNfFkFe-K4_k0d2SUlIlvJ8
12
Nev. Rev. Stat. §§ 293B.353(1), 293B.354, 293B.380(2)(a); Nev. Admin. Code § 293.356(2)(a)(5).
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footnote13_hiRkRHnOGKNNhczTH3K8eIassSj1NE8u1V4oWcUTo_qKnTUvzhdCgp
13
Nev. Admin. Code § 293.255(6).
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footnote14_ouy5I912fHaBqrUe5l48k5hMt7MFB6PL6PAKyxPNCSk_uyypCk9KsxDd
14
Nev. Admin. Code § 293.356(2)(a)(4).
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footnote15_HoTTbIyVqLr6kOL2cjMVLtBj52PN9-b3Waml0Trexvs_uYqNwz12nYqb
15
Nev. Rev. Stat. § 293.274(2).
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footnote16_uTBUhO5peTZ6AFc9rDtButthOgtnDVOx6pih-QN68_ekq35XKjYIIo
16
Nev. Admin. Code §§ 293.245(9)(a), (2)(a)(3), 293.356(2)(a)(3), (7). See also Nev. Rev. Stat. § 293.740.
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footnote17_UmS3SWvnas7WxkCkkx5n07yxNozwRHOOQIHfpPPtl4_v2c4t0FBfYUf
17
Nev. Admin. Code § 293.245(2)(a)(1).
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footnote18_vj4LHzDH6hQtzQMenNKFHpJlW24qZqw0FL1unG6wQA_tnjnpIVn9SxT
18
Nev. Admin. Code § 293.356(2)(a)(1).
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footnote19_iVujHYUHRVoL5Qe2giJr9xkrATUUIGA2EQ52W83mRCE_o0aEYIpNb7rv
19
Nev. Admin. Code § 293.245(9)(b)(1).
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footnote20_ZtzwH59cLS4VLWcnyAJHpLqAekARdsifSVeUqFFB8Aw_lG4W8e4f1Be7
20
Nev. Admin. Code § 293.245(9)(b)(2).
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footnote21_IKsOmkGJNL81E6XHibsbe0FEKKA12uhB5InBsyDcD1c_gN19HQ6HTrC7
21
Nev. Admin. Code §§ 293.245(2)(a)(2), 293.356(2)(a)(2).
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footnote22_RxHzVMOPaZVDqN23V3wNmXRMG4cehOc46Ic9BZDNMmM_eFTkcWKYE79e
22
Nev. Admin. Code § 293.245(2)(a)(4).
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footnote23_cZpayQC5WK6ylmVtvi8C4p5IrzsZeEebO06Lq7y1LMI_pItZcOqaPHXX
23
18 U.S.C. §§ 241, 594; 52 U.S.C. § 10101(b).
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footnote24_KImx6F5VXSftlNKxMaXU5I3Q8KzI1E5FOGf1P2BGA_pmlOEIf68tox
24
Nev. Admin. Code §§ 293.245(3)(b), 293.356(2)(b).
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footnote25_kF3ShV2WqRkzImbaa0XitaY6BrShJPHh2Y-xw8FdvMc_s5JcsMq5BEa7
25
Nev. Admin. Code §§ 293.245(3)(a), 293.356(3)(a).